UNTIL OUR LAST BREATH
Laurel Corona, Author

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"In this carefully nuanced and beautifully written biography of Leizer Bart and his wife Zenia Lewinson Bart, the author provides us with keen new insights into the moral dilemmas faced by Jewish resistance members both within the Vilna Ghetto (1941-1943) and later in the Rudnicki Forest (1943-1944)."

Dr. Carl J. Rheins
Executive Director
YIVO Institute for Jewish Research

Abba Kovner

“Hitler aims to destroy all the Jews of Europe. It is the lot of the Jews of Lithuania to be the first in line.

"Let us not go like sheep to the slaughter.

"True, we are weak and without a protector, but the only answer to the murderers is—revolt!

"Brothers! Better to fall as free fighters than to live at the mercy of the murderers.

"Let us revolt! We shall fight until our last breath!”



Abba Kovner
First Proclamation of the United Partisan Organization (FPO)January 1, 1942, Vilna Ghetto

WHY THIS BOOK IS IMPORTANT

"[T]his book is a work of exceptional historical importance."

Booklist, April 1, 2008


Hut in the Avengers' camp in the Rudnicki Forest

----------photo courtesy of Joel Alpert-----------


UNTIL OUR LAST BREATH is unusual among Holocaust books, because it provides important information to those who ask why the Jews did not fight back. The answer is that many of them did.

Jewish defiance of the Nazis is a part of the overall story of the Holocaust that has not received adequate attention. Michael Bart's parents' love story provides a gratifying and uplifting means by which a broader story can be told of Jewish courage in the face of unimaginable horror and against overwhelming odds.

This book is not simply the story of two people, but of many. It is not about victimization but about empowerment under unimaginable circumstances. It is not a story of rescue by others, but of self-rescue. It is not a story of passivity and acceptance, but of organized defiance against the fate that had been decreed for the Jews.

By working in partnership with Michael to bring this story to light, I hope to honor all Vilna's Jews, whether part of the underground or not, who fought back against the Nazis in many ways great and small.






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